Frequently Asked Questions

Are there any medications that don't mix with 5-HTP?

Do not use 5-HTP supplements if you are currently taking any of the following medications: Anti-depressant drugs; Monoamine oxidase inhibitors; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Tricyclic medications; Weight Loss medications; Anti-parkinson medications; Barbiturates and other tranquilizing drugs; Antihistamines and cold medications; Alcoholic beverages; Intravenous drugs; Cancer chemotherapy or antibiotic medications.

Are there any safety concerns if I take 5-HTP?

5-HTP supplements should not be used if you have any of the following medical conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Extremely Elderly Persons; those with Parkinsons Disease, Cancer or Autoimmune Diseases; Lung Diseases; Chronic Alcoholism; Liver diseases; parasitic infection; AIDS; Anorexia Nervosa; Low protein Diets; Severe allergies; Myalgia; Peripheral Neuropathy; Rash or Flushing; Edema; Nausea; Diarrhea; Sickle cell anemia; hemophilia; Pregnancy.

Are there any precautions I should follow if I'm using Trioxil®?

Trioxil is safe and has very high tolerability among patients. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or if you are breast-feeding.

Can I go out in the sun while using Trioxil®?

Trioxil® does not cause photosensitivity and your skin is not prone to get burned during your treatment. As always, be responsible with the sun and limit over exposure. Sun is only good for you in small amounts.

Can I use an over-the-counter products that contain benzoyl peroxide or salycilic acid while also using Trioxil®?

There are no contraindications, however, Trioxil® is a very powerful acne medication and it is not necessary to use other compounds in conjunction with the treatment.

How does Trioxil work?

The precise mode of action of Trioxil is not known. However, our research shows that Trioxil attacks acne in several ways; by inhibiting the proliferation of bacteria, normalizing sebum production, reducing inflammation, and restoring proper pore function by preventing "stickiness" of the pores. Trioxil prevents future outbreaks since the pores can more easily pass sebum to the surface of the skin without becoming blocked.

How often should I apply Trioxil® medication?

Trioxil® should be applied only once a day, preferably before bedtime. Apply only a thin layer - more is not better. To apply the medication, dab Trioxil® on your forehead, chin and both cheeks and then spread it over your face. Don't spot treat pimples by putting a dab on each pimple. Trioxil works by applying a thin layer over the entire face.

What are Nanosomes and how do they work?

Trioxil® uses the DS Laboratories advanced nanosome technology. Nanosomes are tiny capsules that carry the active ingredients deep into the epidermis tissue and release them over a 12 hour period. This dramatically enhances the effectiveness of the bisazulene compound and speeds up the results.

What are the possible side effects of Trioxil®?

Unlike other medications containing tretinoin, benzoyl peroxide, or azelaic acid, Trioxil® has very high tolerability and will not irritate or burn the skin. However, you may feel mild stinging when you apply Trioxil®. This feeling is normal. While you use Trioxil® to treat acne, it will at the same time deeply moisturize and nourish the skin eliminating the need for a moisturizer.

What can Trioxil® do for my skin that over-the-counter acne medications can't?

Trioxil® is a breakthrough acne medication that works very differently from over-the-counter (OTC) preparations. OTC products typically dry out the skin to eliminate oil and kill bacteria on the skin. However, in most cases these products can actually make your acne worse by over drying the skin and causing irritation and redness in addition to acne. Trioxil® contains the bisazulene compound that actually calms and moisturizes the skin while killing bacteria, controlling sebum production, and restoring proper pore function. The key difference is that OTC preparations typically do not address the problem of "stickiness" within the pore structure - the main underlying cause of acne.

What happens to my skin during treatment with Trioxil®?

Depending on the severity of your condition, your acne may temporarily get worse in the first 2 weeks of treatment. This is due to the elimination of dead cells and sebum from the pores and means that the medication is working properly. It is important to not get discouraged during this period and continue with the treatment plan. However, since Trioxil® has powerful calming and anti-inflammatory effects on the skin many people see an improvement after just a few days of use.

What is the main ingredient in Trioxil®?

Trioxil contains bisazulene, a unique compound derived from chamomile flowers. Trioxil® also contains Arnica, Witch Hazel, Ginseng, Horse Chestnut, and Tea Tree Oil to enhance the carrier agent compound for additional benefits to the skin.

What kind of results should I expect with Trioxil®?

Improvements will take place gradually as the formation of new blemishes stops and existing blemishes start to heal. It is important to be patient and stick to the treatment without skipping applications. Since Trioxil® does not irritate the skin, you may notice a slight improvement after just a few days of use due to a reduction in inflammation and the calming effect on the skin. Full results from Trioxil® treatment will be seen after 12 weeks of use.

What will happen if I apply too much Trioxil®?

You cannot harm or injure yourself by using too much Trioxil®. However, using more or over applying will not make it work faster or better.

How do corneocytes bond?

Types are 1) covalent bonds, in which atoms share electrons, and 2) ionic bonds, which rely on the negative and positive charges of atoms. Excessive bonding leads to hyperkeratinization and pathogenesis.

How do nanosomes boost efficacy?

In Hydroviton.CR, these second-generation liposomal vesicles potentiate their active ingredients by penetrating skin deeper and releasing compounds slower.

How does azelaic acid resolve acne?

Nanosome-encapsulated azelaic acid in Hydroviton.CR 1) dissolves lesions and clears follicles, 2) reduces sebum, and 3) inhibits bacterial flora.

How does Hydroviton.CR avoid irritation?

Hydroviton.CR skin perfecting cleanser incorporates kudzu root extract, shown to convey anti-inflammatory properties.

How does Hydroviton.CR inhibit skin aging?

Alpha-hydroxy acids in Hydroviton.CR diminish corneocyte cohesion at a deeper level, thinning the surface of skin, improving its flexibility, evening its color, and allowing it to glow.

How does Hydroviton.CR inhibit women's acne?

During hyper-hormonal events, Hydroviton.CR inhibits the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, thus reducing dihydrotestosterone, hyperseborrhea, and acne.

How does Hydroviton.CR moisturize so deeply?

To retain moisture under arid conditions, Hydroviton.CR incorporates saccharide isomerate, which binds to keratin and persists even when common humectants cannot.

How does Hydroviton.CR refine pores?

Hydroviton.CR refines pores by evacuating the excess sebum, keratin, and environmental pollutants that clog and dilate pores.

How does Hydroviton.CR work?

Cutting-edge compounds in Hydroviton.CR target the gray, blotchy, dry, itchy symptoms of hyperkeratinization. Other ingredients in Hydroviton.CR purge the lesions, redness, and pain of acne.

How is Hydroviton.CR different?

Unlike soaps, moisturizers, or toners, Hydroviton.CR perfects the skin through multiple pathways, to reclaim its youthful color, smooth texture, and calm demeanor.

What are corneocytes?

Corneocytes are flat, dead, nonnucleated cells of the stratum corneum, 1 µm thick, filled with keratin protein.

What are nanosomes?

Nanosomes are micro-spheres of organic liposome, each 200 times smaller than a human skin cell. Nanosomes carry active ingredients deep below the surface of the skin where they dissolve slowly for maximum performance.

What are the benefits of Hydroviton.CR for acne?

Hydroviton.CR benefits acne by a multifaceted attack against hyperseborrhea, hyperkeratinization, and inflammation, the three major causes of acne. The result is less greasiness, redness, and pain, plus fewer unsightly pimples, finer pores, and smoother skin.

What are the pathways of Hydroviton.CR?

Hydroviton.CR performs in five major ways: dissolution of acneform lesions, desquamation of corneocytes, intense moisturizing, increased complexion radiance, and anti-inflammation.

What causes acne?

Three major factors cause acne: 1) hyperseborrhea, 2) hyperkeratinization, and 3) the body's natural inflammatory response.

What causes inflammation?

Inflammation is the normal injury response — marked by capillary dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat, and pain — follows the rupture of acneform lesions.

What is "dry" skin?

Ordinary dry skin is characterized by a thick dense stratum corneum. Hydroviton.CR induces desquamation (exfoliation) to allow fresh cells to emerge.

What is acne?

Acne describes an inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicle, primarily on the face, chest, and back.

What is hyperseborrhea?

Hyperseborrhea, an abnormal level of sebum discharge, results mainly from an abnormal level of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) within sebaceous glands.

What is sebum?

Attached to each hair follicle, a multi-lobed sebaceous gland coats hair and skin with sebum, a protective mixture of glycerides, free fatty acids, wax, and squalene.

What is the role of alpha-hydroxy acid and beta-hydroxy acid in Hydroviton.CR?

Alpha-hydroxy acid and beta-hydroxy acid are ingredients of Hydroviton.CR because they induce desquamation (exfoliation) of the mature corneocytes that make skin gray, blotchy, dry, and itchy.

What is the role of azelaic acid in Hydroviton.CR?

Azelaic acid in used in Hydroviton.CR because it inhibits the formation of acneform lesions to clarify pores and restore healthy color.

What is the role of Laminaria digitata in Hydroviton.CR?

Laminaria digitata is a brown seaweed extract. Hydroviton.CR contains Laminaria digitata because it elevates complexion radiance by stimulating adenosine triphosphate, the currency of biological energy.

What is the role of Pueraria lobata?

Pueraria lobata is kudzu root extract. Hydroviton.CR contains Pueraria lobata to dampen the body's natural inflammatory response.

What is the role of saccharide isomerate?

Saccharide isomerate is an ingredient of Hydroviton.CR because it retains cutaneous moisture, even under arid conditions.

What is the stratum corneum?

The stratum corneum is the outer wall of the epidermis and consists of 12-16 layers of corneocytes (bricks) embedded in a continuous lamellar lipid bilayer (mortar).

When will I see results from cleansing my skin with Hydroviton.CR?

Cleanse daily with Hydroviton.CR to witness dramatic improvement from the first application.

Who is at risk for acne?

The unsightly lesions, redness, and pain of acne afflict 90 percent of adolescents, especially males, plus females at any age during times of hormonal disturbance.

Who is at risk for hyperkeratinization?

Skin can look gray and blotchy, feel dry and itchy, or be slick and oily — often at the same time — due to age, exposure, and hormones.

Why should I use Hydroviton.CR?

Hydroviton.CR corrects skin that looks and feels 1) gray, dry, flaky, itchy, 2) oily shortly after washing, 3) marked by the lesions and redness of acne, 4) pitted by large pores, 5) unusually sensitive, or any combination of these symptoms.

What are antioxidants?

Antioxidants protect cells in the body against harmful free radicals; free radicals are implicated in the etiology of numerous human health disorders and diseases, such as cancer, aging and atherosclerosis.

What should I take for arthritis?

Glucosamine is a natural component found in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid of joints. It is a major building block of the substances that, together with protein, form the structural units in cartilage. Chondroitin, like glucosamine, is a natural component of cartilage. Chondroitin is also involved in the lubrication and nutrition of the joint, and helps the joints to resist compression. They both appear to work together in the synthesis of cartilage, reduce cartilage wear and provide temporary relief of the pain associated with arthritis.

Fish oil and krill oil are sources of omega-3 fatty acids, which can help to reduce inflammation and joint swelling associated with arthritis.

Many people living with arthritis benefit by starting with a glucosamine product or combined glucosamine and chondroitin product then adding extra support for inflammation, pain or swelling.

Bergamet sounds too good to be true, what evidence do you have to back this up?

Citrus Bergamot has undergone clinical trials that indicate the following results: • Reduces total cholesterol by up to 31%
• Reduces LDL by up to 39%
• Reduces triglycerides by up to 38%
• Increase HDL by up to 42%
• Reduces blood glucose by up to 22%
Mollace.V, Muscoli.S, Janda.E, Sacco.I, Ventrice.D, Iannone.M, Visalli.V, Rotiroti. D, Romeo.F Hypolipemic and Hypoglycaemic activity of bergamot polyphenol: from animal studies to human studies. J.Fitoterapia Vol 81 Issue 8

Does Bergamot affect CoQ10 production?

Bergamot lowers cholesterol levels without affecting CoQ10 production. As you get older, your body’s CoQ10 poduction slows down and less of it is stored in reserve. CoQ10 is an essential cofactor for energy production in your body and your heart requires especially high levels of it.

Does Bergamot come in different forms?

At the moment Citrus Bergamot is only available as vegetarian capsules which each contain 250mg of pure juice Bergamot dehydrated (entitled to 30% in composition of polyphenols) and 25 mg of ascorbic acid, other ingredients: maltodextrin and silica colloidal. There are 60 vegetarian capsules in each bottle. We currently stock Bergamonte from Novelle and Bergamonte from HP LifeScience (prescription only).

Does Bergamot have any side effects?

The flavanoids in Citrus Bergamot are very similar in chemical structure to pharmaceutical statins and produce statin type properties without the side effects.

How does Bergamot work?

Bergamot (Bergamonte) has been known for decades as significantly counteracting the excess fat in patients with vascular disease (artery hardening). Bergamot (Bergamonte) has a unique flavonoid profile with a much higher composition of its antioxidant flavonoids than other citrus fruits. It has a significantly higher content of flavonoids polyphenols such as Naringin and Neohesperin which show significant ability to assist with reducing symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome in areas such as cardio vascular health, cholesterol LDL (bad) reduction, increase of HDL (good) Cholesterol, triglyceride reduction, blood sugar reduction, and weight reduction through improved metabolism.

I currently take Lipitor, will Bergamot interact with this?

Research as recent as last year (2010) into Bergamot extract shows that some of the compounds naturally found in the Bergamot juice have a similar action to Lipitor (that is they inhibit HMG-CoA Reductase within the liver). Lipitor inhibits this enzyme and Bergamot extract partially inhibits it – the massive plus with Bergamot extract however is that it contains many other anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds that synergistically lower blood pressure and blood glucose levels. This means that the overall effect from Bergamot extract is very similar to Lipitor without it being as restrictive to the body’s natural processes. Where Lipitor is an “inhibitor”, Bergamot extract is a “modulator” so the side effects people get with Lipitor (or other statin drugs) like tiredness and muscle pain aren’t an issue with Bergamot extract.

I currently take warfarin, is it safe for me to also take Bergamot extract?

Theoretically, there is no reason why Bergamonte would have any interaction with warfarin. However, no research has been conducted in this area so Pure Health Direct recommends consulting your health care practitioner before taking Bergamot extract. From a theoretic and holistic viewpoint, the elevated rate of blood clotting found in people who have been prescribed warfarin is often a result in elevated, yet pre clinical inflammation processes. Since Bergamot extract is a natural anti-inflammatory it is expected that it would decrease this raised potential for blood clotting and support healthy, normal levels.

Is Bergamot recommended as a safe natural alternative to statins?

Statins unfortunately deplete the production of CoQ10. It is this depletion of CoQ10 that causes muscle fatigue in many people taking statins. This suggests that Bergamot offers a safe alternative therapeutic strategy in combating hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol) in patients suffering from statins toxicity. Bergamot can also be used in conjunction with statins therefore lowering the amount of statins ingested and reducing side effects.

What are the benefits of using Bergamet?

A double blind placebo clinical trial conducted at the Dept of Cardiology of the University of Rome “ Tor Vergata “ and at the Vascular Medicine and Atherosclerosis Unit Cardiology, Villa Salus Medical Center, Marinella on 238 patients produced the following data: 1. Bergamot could be an effective nutraceuticalapproach to prevent artherosclerosos in patients. 2. Bergamot contributes to lowering plasma cholesterol and lipids in patients, in a range of potency comparable with currently used hypolipidemic drugs such as statins. 3. Bergamot reduces blood glucose by 15%-23% thus offering an alternative approach to control the pre-diabetic states in patients with metabolic syndrome. 4. Bergamot efficiently lowered Total Cholesterol and LDL (bad) Cholesterol, without inducing any side effects.

What is Bergamet used for?

• Cardiovascular health
• Lower total cholesterol
• Lower bad cholesterol (LDL)
• Higher good cholesterol (HDL)
• Lower triglycerides
• Lower blood glucose levels
• Lower blood pressure
• Lower weight (less obesity)
• Less inflammation

What is Bergamot?

Bergamot is an extract of the bergamot (Citrus Bergamia Risso) fruit, from the lime family.

What is Metabolic Syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome is a combination of symptoms that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and people with it are known to be insulin resistant. Insulin doesn’t work as well in people with metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is closely linked to having excess abdominal fat. Bergamot reduces blood glucose levels and has shown to be effective in weight loss.

What is the recommended dose per day of Bergamot ?

The recommended dose on the bottle is to take 2 capsules of Bergamot, twice a day, 10- 20 minutes before your two main meals, in consultation with your healthcare practitioner. It is not recommended to take more than 6 capsules daily.

Where does Bergamot come from?

Bergamot is sourced from the Calabrian region in Southern Italy and is an extract of the Citrus Bergamia Risso (bergamot) fruit.

Will my Doctor know about Bergamot?

Bergamot has only just arrived in Australia so your health practitioner may not know about this product.

Can cellulite or localized fat return after treatment with Oligo.DX?

Oligo.DX gives long-lasting results. However, a poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, or genetics can cause cellulite to return.

Can Oligo.DX be used on the face?

No. The face is more sensitive than the legs, thighs, and buttocks, for which the gel is formulated.

Can Oligo.DX Cellulite Reducing Gel be used for massaging?

Yes. Although Oligo.DX is absorbed by the skin very quickly.

Can Oligo.DX relieve aches in the legs?

Oligo.DX gel stimulates both blood and lymphatic circulation in the legs and throughout the body, reducing the accumulation of fluids and providing relief.

Different batches of Oligo.DX are different colors. Is variation normal?

Yes. Plant extracts vary in color depending on when they are harvested. Color changes may be more noticeable in Oligo.DX because it has a high concentration of plant extracts and no artificial coloring.

Do results come faster if I use the gel more than once a day?

Not necessarily. Oligo.DX works continually for 12 to 15 hours. So you only need to apply it once a day for excellent results.

Does Oligo.DX carry any contraindications?

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not use Oligo.DX.

Does Oligo.DX cause irritation or allergic reaction?

No. Oligo.DX gel is hypoallergenic, which means it does not cause allergic reaction in most people. If irritation does occur, discontinue treatment and seek medical advice.

Does Oligo.DX help with weight loss?

Yes. The gel helps to burn cellulite and localized fat on the back, stomach, knees, or wherever applied, which improves the figure without more aggressive treatments such as liposuction. But for overall weight loss, balanced diet with regular exercise is the best prescription.

During treatment with Oligo.DX, urination is darker and more frequent. Is this normal?

Yes. Oligo.DX causes toxins, retained fluids, and digested fats to eliminate through the urine.

How can Oligo.DX be effective without massage?

Massaging is not necessary because microspheres called Nanosomes help the active ingredients penetrate quickly into the deepest layers of skin.

How long do I have to use Oligo.DX for results to appear?

Improvements in the texture of skin, which becomes smoother, can be seen after the first week of treatment with Oligo.DX. After the first month, many women notice a slimmer overall look. Daily treatment is recommended, on average, for two months. Continue longer if desired.

How long does it take to eliminate cellulite using Oligo.DX?

Most women obtain good results in 45-60 days of continuous treatment. Cellulite recedes gradually, and the length of treatment varies depending on the individual.

Should I avoid moisturizers and moisturizing soaps on treated areas?

According to studies, moisturizing products leave a residue that interferes with the absorption of Nanosomes, thereby reducing efficacy. Neutral or glycerin soap is recommended.

Why do some people become slimmer more quickly?

Each body responds at different rates. Those with more localized fat tend to become slimmer more quickly.

Why is it more difficult to get the abdomen back into shape?

Abdominal muscles may become weak due to surgery, pregnancy, or lack of exercise. Muscular flabbiness can be confused with fat, which is the reason many people do not become slimmer around the waist after they diet.

How and when should I take CoQ10?

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) works better if taken with fats and oils. Many CoQ10 supplements contain oils in the base and are sold as liquid filled softgel capsules. All forms of CoQ10 work more effectively if taken with a meal containing fats or with healthy supplements providing fat, such as fish oil, flax oil, coconut oil, etc.

What is Coenzyme Q10 or CoQ10 and how will it benefit me?

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential component of living cells which is produced in the body. It provides energy production at a cellular level as well as having antioxidant activity. The heart muscles have the greatest need for CoQ10 followed by the liver and skeletal muscles. Dietary sources of CoQ10 include red meat, fish and vegetable oils such as soybean, sesame and canola. Individuals participating in endurance sports can benefit from CoQ10 as can heart patients where CoQ10 can improve symptoms and exercise tolerance. Deficiencies have also been linked to gum disease and lowered immune function.

How long can I take Echinacea? Is it safe to take for long periods?

There is no evidence to suggest that taking Echinacea long term will have an adverse effect on immune function. Studies have shown that Echinacea improves immunity by enhancing the ability of the immune system to act as a surveillance mechanism against pathogens.

Are there any side-effects from taking supplements containing curcumin during pregancy?

There are no known adverse side-effects from taking curcumin supplements during pregnancy, however as a safety measure use with caution and within the recommended dose range.

Can I take Cumerone if I am pregnant?

Safety studies have not been conducted on Cumerone 1200™ in pregnancy and lactation. Seek professional advice.

Do curcumin supplements have any side-effects?

In theory, high-dose curcumin may increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant drugs, so caution is advised. Turmeric is contraindicated in biliary obstruction and should be used only after seeking professional advice if gallstones are present.

What are the benefits of taking Curcumin?

Curcumin supplementation may assist in the management of, and provide temporary relief from, arthritic pain, rheumatic pain, osteoarthritic pain, and muscular aches and pains. Curcumin may also reduce joint inflammation and assist in reducing joint stiffness and joint swelling.

What is Cumerone used for?

Cumerone assists in: •Joint pain/disorders •Provides relief of muscular aches and pains, joint inflammation, joint stiffness and swelling •Fast acting for temporary relief of arthritic pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis •Assists in the management of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis •Liver dysfunction •Stomach ulcers •Dyspeptic complaints/mild digestive disturbances/minor biliary dysfunction •Hypercholesterolemia •Antioxidant activity •Adjuvant therapy for precancerous conditions

What is Cumerone?

Cumerone 1200™, the active ingredient in Nutrition Care's Nalgesic products, is a unique, patented, curcumin extract with superior bio availabilty. Curcumin is one of the main curcuminoids contained in turmeric. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is part of the ginger family. Cumerone 1200™ contains highly bioavailable curcumin at levels that correlate with doses used in clinical trials for the effective management of pain and inflammation in arthritis. The unique extraction process of Cumerone 1200™ ensures a high yield of pure curcumin. The curcumin is then chemically complexed for superior absorption, resulting in greater efficacy and rapid onset of action.

What is Cumerone?

Curcumin 3.7mg per 5mL (5mL is bioequivalent to 1200mg of Curcumin) Curcuminoids: A mixture of Dicinnamoylmethane derivatives such as: 1.Curcumin (diferuloylmethane (TNF- alpha inhibition)) 2.Monodemethoxycurcumin (p-coumaroylferuloymethane) 3.Bisdemethoxycurcumin (di-p-coumaroylmethane) Also referred to as Curcumin I,II,III (antioxidant). Volatile oil: Sesquiterpenes (Zingiberene, curcumol, a and b-turmerone) Sugar: Polysaccharides Resin, Vitamin C, Potassium, Carotene

I don't drink milk, what are the best sources of calcium other than dairy products?

This is a brief list of non-dairy foods containing calcium (starting with the food containing the highest source): sesame seeds, tahini, sea vegetables (wakame, kombu, nori, agar agar), sardines with bones, dried green peas, almonds, mackerel, dried bananas, chestnuts, salmon with bones, cooked soybeans, hazelnuts, tofu and dark leafy greens.

Are fungi associated with dandruff?

Yes, common cutaneous fungi called Malassezia have a taste for skin oils and thrive in areas rich with sebaceous glands.

Can dandruff be controlled?

Yes, even stubborn scaling responds well to advanced medicated shampoos such as Dandrene.

For whom is Dandrene indicated?

Dandrene helps people embarrassed by flakes on hair and clothing, irritated by itchy red scalp, plagued by oiliness, or concerned about odor.

How do fungi generate dandruff?

By metabolizing the triglycerides in sebum, fungi produce oleic acid, which triggers inflammation and the cleavage of flakes.

How does Dandrene stop dandruff?

Dandrene stops dandruff by applying antimycotic technology to inhibit fungi, by drying the excess oils that feed fungi, and by repairing and rebuilding hair and scalp.

What are the active ingredients in Dandrene?

Dandrene delivers multiple compounds that inhibit fungi and dampen seborrhea: ketoconazole, pale sulfonated shale oil, manuka, willow, and pomegranate.

What is dandruff?

A: Dandruff is excess flaking of dead skin cells, especially from the scalp.

What skin conditions cause dandruff?

Dandruff may be a symptom of result from seborrheic dermatitis, dry pityriasis, atopic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor), tinea capitis, psoriasis, and contact dermatitis.

Why bother to treat dandruff?

Besides the discomfort, dandruff inhibits social interaction, damages self esteem, and results in lost opportunities.

Why does Dandrene contain brewer’s yeast?

Dandrene repairs and rebuilds hair and scalp with brewer’s yeast, a rich source of B vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, and minerals.

Why does Dandrene contain buchu, henna, and maiden hair fern?

Buchu, henna, and maiden hair fern stimulate sebaceous glands to counter dry dandruff.

Why does Dandrene contain ketoconazole?

Ketoconazole reduces seborrhea as effectively as any known ingredient.

Why does Dandrene contain manuka and willow?

Natural manuka and willow extracts reduce seborrhea and inhibit fungi.

Why does Dandrene contain pomegranate?

Pomegranate peel regulates epidermal differentiation to strengthen skin.

Why does Dandrene contain shale oil?

Natural pale sulfonated shale oil reduces dandruff, itching, and seborrhea.

I suffer from constipation and flatulence. What can I take?

A diet rich in fibre, maintaining adequate fluid intake of at least 6-8 glasses of filtered water per day and regular exercise are the first steps in relieving sluggish bowel activity. Insoluble fibres found in vegetables and most grains, including oats and rice bran, add greater faecal bulk and decrease transit time. Acidophilus bifidus helps to re-establish the healthy flora that resides in the gut which helps to eliminate gas (flatulence), bloating and constipation. A cup of fennel tea after meals assists the digestive process and reduces flatulence.

What is a Lozenge?

A lozenge is a hard, solid, single-dose preparation intended to dissolve or disintegrate slowly in the mouth when sucked. They contain one or more active substances, usually in a flavoured base containing sweeteners.

What is a Pastille?

A pastille is a solid preparation containing one or more active ingredients incorporated in a mass of sweetened gum, glycerol, and gelatin base which is intended to be sucked.

What is an enteric capsule?

An enteric capsule is a capsule prepared in such a manner that the shell, or the pelletised contents, resists the action of the gastric fluid but is attacked by the intestinal fluid to release the contents.

I never have any energy. What can I take for tiredness and fatigue?

Tiredness and fatigue are common complaints. It is important to establish the cause of your fatigue. Fatigue and tiredness may be a symptom of an underlying condition and this will need to be initially investigated and ruled out. Lifestyle is often a major determinant affecting an individual’s energy levels. If the fatigue is due to stress and overwork, a vitamin and mineral supplement may be beneficial.

Fundamentally, a healthy diet, regular exercise plus good sleep patterns are important elements to consider when addressing low energy states.

I am getting old and my memory is getting worse. What can I take?

As we age, poor circulation to the brain can result in symptoms of impaired memory and concentration, forgetfulness, confusion, lack of energy and tiredness.

An extract of the herb Gingko biloba, has been used in many trials and shows positive improvements in the areas of cognitive function. Gingko also has benefit in improving circulation to peripheral areas of the body as it improves circulation and reduces the stickiness of blood platelets. Consult your health care professional before taking Gingko biloba if taking anticoagulant medication.

What does hypo-allergenic mean?

The term hypo-allergenic is used to describe products that are free of binders, fillers, excipients, dyes and common allergens.

Can I take glucosamine if I have a shellfish intolerance?

Shellfish allergy is caused by IgE antibodies to antigens in the flesh of the shellfish and not the shell; therefore it should be safe for patients with shellfish allergy to take glucosamine supplements.

How do I apply Keramene?

As easy as using a moisturizer, apply a generous layer of Keramene twice per day to the desired areas of the body. To accelerate results, depilate normally prior to applying Keramene.

How does Keramene impact daily life?

With Keramene, you can depilate — shave, wax, burn, dissolve, or electrolyze hair — significantly less often. For women who shaved armpits and legs every day, Keramene meant cutting back to two or three times per week. For men who endure too many back-waxing sessions, Keramene treatment means doffing shirts any time without embarrassment.

How does Keramene work?

To minimize the frequency of hair removal chores, Keramene slows the proliferation of some hairs and stops the growth of others 1) by inducing follicles into the catagen state so they stop growing hairs, and 2) by suppressing keratinocyte proliferation so remaining hairs grow slower.

What are delipation and epilation?

Shaving or dissolving hairs with chemicals depilates them at the surface. Tweezing, threading, or waxing hair epilates at the root. All such techniques are temporary. Heating with a laser epilates some hairs longer term. Electrolyzing with a needle epilates them permanently.

What are the active ingredients in Keramene?

Key compounds in Keramene are dormin, a plant hormone also known as abscisic acid, palmatine, an anti-proliferative extract from the Fibraurea recisa plant, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid, a potent antioxidant and hair growth retardant harvested from desert evergreens.

What is dormin?

Dormin reduces pilosity by inducing follicles into the catagen state, during which they stop making hair. Dormin, a phytohormone, is extracted from dormant narcissus bulbs, for which it performs a similar function.

What is Keramene's primary benefit?

Keramene helps users to achieve the silky, seductive bodies they desire, with less of the shaving, waxing, burning, and other depilating they hate.

What is nordihydroguaiaretic acid?

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid regulates skin cell proliferation to inhibit keratosis and minimize hair growth without cytotoxicity. Its method of action against pilosity may be similar to its anti-cancer effect.

What is palmatine?

Palmatine moderates body hair growth by slowing the mitosis rate of keratinocytes — the cells that proliferate to cause hair growth. The activity resembles that of a prescription drug, but palmatine comes naturally from the Fibraurea recisa plant, and requires no prescription.

What is the bottom line of Keramene use?

Keramene users maintain smoother, more seductive skin, while depilating much less often. Some hairs stop growing. Others grow slower. So the hard-earned benefits of depilation last longer, and remaining hairs become less visible. Skin becomes supple, silky, and defect-free with far less hair.

Who needs Keramene?

Keramene is indicated for men and women embarrassed by excessive or unsightly body hair, especially those who routinely depilate or elipate the back, chest, shoulders, underarms, legs, or bikini zone.

Why have I not heard of hair-growth inhibition?

The cutting-edge science behind Keramene precedes most published literature. DS Laboratories identified three ingredients that induce follicles into the catagen state, so they stop producing hairs, or suppress keratinocyte proliferation, so hairs grow slower.

Why use Keramene?

Many people endure never-ending depilatory rituals — shaving, waxing, burning, dissolving, and electrolyzing hair — in a futile quest for silky smooth perfection, suffering nicks, bumps, razor burn, and ingrown hairs. Some women experience male-pattern growth on the face, chest, or abdomen, called hirsutism, which makes them feel less feminine. Men sprout new hair on their backs, bellies, necks, and ears, even as it is falling off their heads, making them feel old.

How can I stave off hair loss?

Use a high-performance topical treatment like Spectral.DNC, together with a supportive shampoo like Revita, to retain hair longer.

How do hair follicles shut down?

Hair follicles produce strands progressively thinner and shorter, a process called miniaturization, during each successive follicular cycle.

How do I know Revita is safe?

DS Laboratories selects ingredients for hypoallergenicity as well as effectiveness.

How do procyanidins promote hair growth?

Procyanidin oligomers (simple polymers) help different types of cells, epithelial and mesenchymal, work together.

How do researchers measure hair growth?

Four factors are quantified for hair strands: diameter, length, number, and pigmentation.

How does baldness relate to body hair and sex drive?

Baldness does not mean a change in body hair or sex drive. The effects of androgens depend on the location and genetic programming of each hair follicle.

How does dihydrotestosterone (DHT) affect hair loss?

The male hormone DHT may choke hair follicles by interfering with certain enzymes, causing thick, terminal hairs to wither into thin, vellus hairs.

How does DS Laboratories obtain the extracts used in Revita?

DS Laboratories uses gentle mechanical compression, not harsh chemical extraction, to preserve the integrity of its natural compounds.

How does hair receive nutrition?

Methylsulfonylmethane is incorporated into Revita because the sulfur-containing chemical is essential for building hair, skin, and nails.

How does hair thin?

Follicles do not just shut down suddenly. They produce strands progressively thinner and shorter, called miniaturization, during progressive follicular cycles.

How does ketoconazole support hair growth?

Ketoconazole, a powerful antifungal agent, reduces scalp irritation and removes excess sebum while inhibiting the hormones that trigger male pattern baldness.

How does Revita compare to mass-market shampoos?

Unlike regular shampoos, which rely on alkaline detergents that inflame the scalp, Revita contains natural cleansers, plus precious ingredients to reduce inflammation, fungus, and DHT, and other compounds to boost hydration, nutrition, and protein.

How does Revita help repair free-radical damage?

Antioxidant molecules called spin traps work to detoxify the free radicals that damage cells through age, pollution, and ultraviolet radiation.

How does Revita stimulate follicular energy?

Carnitine tartrate helps generate adenosine triphosphate, the universal currency of biological energy.

How long does a hair strand grow?

A complete follicular cycle has three phases: anagen (growth), normally a few years; catagen (transitional), just a week or two; and telogen (dormant), normally several weeks.

How many hairs grow at one time?

Normally, 12 follicles are producing hair (anagen phase) for each one that is dormant (telogen phase). With androgenic alopecia, that ratio sinks to maybe 5:1.

What are the active ingredients in Revita?

Revita works through multiple pathways, with anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-DHT agents, plus hydration, nutrition, stimulants, and proteins.

What causes hair follicles to quit?

Ironically, the male hormones that trigger scalp hairs to fall out also cause facial, chest, axillary, and pubic hairs to grow in. The difference is the genetic programming of each follicle.

What is a free radical?

The byproduct of natural oxidation, a free radical is a reactive molecule containing an unpaired electron, which damages hair follicles and other cells.

What is an antioxidant?

Antioxidants attract free radicals and effectively trap them. Revita incorporates a spin trap called N-t-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone.

What is androgenic alopecia?

Commonly called male pattern baldness, androgenic alopecia starts with bitemporal recession of the hairline and thinning of the vertex. Eventually, the two bald patches merge. Female pattern baldness, however, happens as a diffuse thinning over the entire scalp.

What is the role of amino acids in Revita?

Amino acids form keratin, the hard fibrous protein that constructs new hairs.

What is the role of biotin in Revita?

Biotin improves metabolism of scalp oils and expands the hair shaft directly.

What is the role of caffeine in Revita?

Caffeine stimulates hair follicles like it stimulates nerves.

What is the role of carnitine tartrate in Revita?

Carnitine tartrate helps the body to generate adenosine triphosphate, the currency of biological energy.

What is the role of copper peptides in Revita?

Copper peptides counter many of the degenerative diseases of aging skin and hair.

What is the role of emu oil in Revita?

Emu oil contributes fatty acids to help feed and hydrate the skin.

What is the role of ketoconazole in Revita?

Ketoconazole reduces irritation and excess sebum while inhibiting DHT production.

What is the role of methylsulfonylmethane in Revita?

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) contains sulfur and serves as an antioxidant, disrupting lipid peroxidation.

What is the role of procyanidins in Revita?

Procyanidins promote growth at the hairline.

What is the role of rooibos in Revita?

Rooibos contributes antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

What is the role of spin traps in Revita?

Spin traps detoxify the free radicals that damage cells.

What lifestyle adjustments can slow hair loss?

In addition to a topical treatment such as Spectral.DNC-L and a medicated shampoo such as Revita, don't use harsh chemicals like straight minoxidil, have medical conditions treated, eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly to improve circulation and lower stress, use a comb instead of a brush, and consider discontinuing birth-control pills.

What makes hair strong?

Revita delivers amino acids directly to hair follicles because these acids are building blocks of the protein keratin.

What treatments combine well with Revita?

Revita enhances and reinforces topical treatments like Spectral.DNC and others containing minoxidil.

What vitamins contribute to hair health?

Revita incorporates the B vitamin biotin because it plays a major role in the manufacturing of hair.

When does balding begin?

Androgenic hair loss can start at puberty, when hormones increase. Some men go completely bald in five years, although 15 to 25 years is more typical.

When should I begin hair regrowth treatment?

Topical treatments work best in the early stages of baldness, since hair follicles atrophy over time.

Where does hair come from?

Individual strands emerge from hair follicles set deep within the scalp. In each, a dermal papilla transfers nourishment from the blood stream to the root, which grows and makes the strand longer. Sebaceous glands secrete sebum to lubricate hair and skin.

Who is at risk of baldness?

White men suffer androgenic alopecia at a rate four times higher than black men. Eventually, 96 percent will lose significant hair. Some women also suffer baldness.

Why do only certain hairs fall out?

The hormone dihydrotestosterone affects a given follicle based on its genetic programming, which is the reason that transplanted hairs continue to grow.

Why does Revita contain caffeine?

The latest clinical studies show that topical application of caffeine stimulates human hair follicles.

Why does Revita contain emu oil?

Rendered from a flightless Australian bird, emu oil contributes essential fatty acids, hydration, nutrition, and stimulation.

Why is African red-bush tea in Revita?

Rooibos, used traditionally as an herbal tea, contributes antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties and now shows potential to aid in hair growth.

Why is hair loss important to men?

Premature baldness diminishes a man's self image, making him feel older and less attractive than his peers.

Can I blow dry my hair after using Spectral.DNC?

Optimally, you would apply Spectral.DNC after blow drying, since drying can cause some of the solution to evaporate, thus is not recommended.

Can I go swimming or get my hair wet?

You should avoid washing hair for at least three hours after Spectral.DNC has been applied. Reapply Spectral.DNC after swimming and drying the scalp.

Can I have my hair colored or permed while using Spectral.DNC?

While there is no evidence that coloring or perming hair or using hair relaxers affects hair loss, it is generally not recommended, although such treatments should not interfere with Spectral.DNC.

Can I skip a treatment or two of Spectral.DNC?

Consistency of treatment is strongly recommended, but if you do miss an application, do not increase your next dose to compensate. Simply continue with your normal treatment schedule.

Can I use hair sprays, mousses, and gels?

Hair sprays, mousses, gels, and other styling aids are not recommended since they can clog hair follicles. If you must use styling aids, you should apply Spectral.DNC first, then wait for it to dry completely.

Can I use Spectral.DNC after showering with my hair wet?

Wet scalp increases penetration and makes Spectral.DNC more powerful, which may increase the chances of side effects from the minoxidil. If you do not notice adverse effects, you may prefer to apply the treatment to wet scalp after showering to increase its effectiveness. NEVER APPLY SPECTRAL.DNC ON WET HAIR AFTER SHOWERING IF YOU EXPERIENCE RAPID HEARTBEAT, DIZZINESS, OR SHORTNESS OF BREATH. IF YOU EXPERIENCE THESE SIDE EFFECTS, SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.

Can I use Spectral.DNC in combination with Propecia?

It is possible to combine topical treatment with Spectral.DNC and oral treatment with Propecia. It is necessary to evaluate the benefits of combination treatment against the potential side effects of each product.

Can I use Spectral.DNC once a day instead of twice?

For it to be effective, Spectral.DNC must be used twice per day, preferably morning and evening. After a year or two, you may consider dropping back to once a day to maintain hair.

Can Spectral.DNC be used by women?

Yes, Spectral.DNC is intended for both men and women.

Does Spectral.DNC work at the hairline as well?

Yes, unlike other topical treatments, Spectral.DNC can regrow hair at the frontal hairline as well as on the crown. Most users are able to regrow and maintain normally strong and healthy-looking hair on the entire scalp.

Does the herb saw palmetto block DHT?

While few studies have focused on saw palmetto and male pattern hair loss, the herb has been shown to exert a broad range of anti-hormonal activities and may prove useful to treat hair loss. Saw palmetto is well documented to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia in men and has not shown any side effects.

Does the treatment reduce sex drive?

No, unlike oral drug treatments such as Propecia, which may carry sexual side effects, Spectral.DNC has not been shown to affect sex drive. One company has even applied to the Food and Drug Administration to use minoxidil topically to improve erections. Other ingredients in Spectral.DNC (herbal extracts and a vitamin complex) can only enhance sexual function. It is not known whether Aminexil can impact sex drive.

How effective is Spectral.DNC?

Spectral.DNC is significantly more effective than minoxidil or Aminexil alone. Many users who did not respond to Rogaine will respond to Spectral.DNC and grow normally thick, healthy-looking hair. Expect dramatic results from your Spectral.DNC treatment.

How is Spectral.DNC used?

Apply 10 sprays directly in the area of hair loss or thinning. Rub evenly over the entire area and let dry. Wash hands with soap and water after application. Spectral DNC should be applied whether hair has been washed or not. Do not apply more than twice per day.

How long can I suspend use without losing hair?

Once you restore normal hair growth, it is possible to interrupt the treatment for one to two weeks without shedding. However, it is best to use Spectral.DNC continuously to maintain normally strong, healthy-looking hair.

Is a higher concentration of Minoxidil more effective?

Minoxidil 4.5% has been shown more effective than Minoxidil 2%. Beyond 4.5%, however, applying a higher concentration has not been shown to improve results, but it has been shown to increase the chance of side effects.

Is it possible to grow unwanted hair?

It is possible to generate unwanted hair on the face or body from using Spectral.DNC, however, this side effect is extremely rare. To minimize risk, apply the treatment only to the scalp, wash hands immediately after applying, and wait for the medication to dry before going to bed.

Is Spectral.DNC safe?

Spectral.DNC contains herbal extracts and vitamins known for their safety in topical use. Other active ingredients, minoxidil and Aminexil, have been tested in clinical studies and shown to be safe. Minoxidil was approved more than 15 years ago for treating male pattern hair loss. It has been used by millions of people with a low incidence of side effects. You should not use Spectral.DNC, however, if you are suffering from low or high blood pressure or have a heart condition.

Is stress a factor in hair loss?

When the body is under significant physical and emotional stress, the immune system may produce antibodies that attack hair follicles, resulting in bald patches or diffuse loss. Stress-induced loss responds very well to Spectral.DNC, after which you can discontinue treatment and keep the hair you regrew.

What can I reasonably expect from Spectral.DNC?

It is important to have realistic expectations. Hair grows at a rate of approximately 1 cm per month, so you will not notice immediate regrowth. In fact, you may notice accelerated loss during the first two weeks, as old hairs get pushed out, and follicles prepare to grow new hairs. Just stick with the treatment. You should expect significant new hair in six months to one year of treatment.

What is dihydrotestosterone?

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is believed to be a primary cause of male pattern baldness. DHT is formed from testosterone when it comes into contact with sebaceous glands. It tends to shrink hair follicles and thicken the scalp, thus restricting blood flow to the capillaries. The combination of these processes leads to hair loss.

What is Nanosome technology?

DS Laboratories’ Nanosome technology encapsulates active ingredients within microscopic lipospheres hundreds of times smaller than human skin cells. These Nanosomes are formed from material similar to natural skin, so they can be absorbed deeper into epidermal tissue than standard carriers can, which boosts effectiveness of the active ingredients. By vectoring 4.5% minoxidil in this way, it can have the effectiveness of a 10% solution, providing state-of-the-art technology for remarkable results.

What is the main difference between Spectral.DNC and Rogaine?

Spectral.DNC treats hair loss across the entire scalp, including the frontal hairline, while Rogaine has been shown effective only on the vertex of the scalp. While both products contain 4.5% minoxidil, Spectral.DNC combines the effectiveness of multiple active ingredients — Aminexil, retinol, herbal extracts, copper peptides, and a vitamin and mineral complex — to combat multiple causes of hair loss and grow normal, strong, healthy-looking hair in a way not possible by using minoxidil alone, such as Rogaine. Encapsulated in proprietary Nanosomes, the active ingredients in Spectral.DNC also penetrate deeper and persist longer than standard carriers.

What shampoo should I use?

To optimize results, wash hair with Revita, DS Laboratories’ high-performance hair-growth shampoo, at least two or three times per week, especially if you suffer from dandruff or seborrhea. It is important to maintain a healthy scalp if suffering from hair loss or thinning hair. Dandruff, grease, or bacterial build-up on the scalp has been linked to accelerated loss.

What should I do if I experience side effects from using Spectral.DNC?

If you experience itching or flaking, try applying less product. Once the reaction subsides, try increasing gradually until you reach the normal dosage. If you experience dizziness or shortness of breath, consult with your physician. Minoxidil can cause blood pressure to drop, so you may want to have your blood pressure checked. Do not use Spectral.DNC if you have low blood pressure.

What should I do if I see flaking?

Roughly five percent of users notice flaking or irritation with Spectral.DNC. Because it contains retinol, such flaking may actually be increased cell turnover. If irritation persists after several weeks, you may wish to discontinue treatment with Spectral.DNC.

What side effects may occur from use of Spectral.DNC?

Potential side effects from Spectral.DNC would be the same as those from Rogaine. For some people, minoxidil 4.5% can result in a simple irritation or a mild allergic reaction. A small percentage of people can experience dizziness or shortness of breath because minoxidil can lower blood pressure.

What type of results should I expect from treating my scalp with Spectral.DNC?

You should begin to arrest hair loss in about two weeks after you being treatment with Spectral.DNC and start to grow new hair within three months. If you have small patches of baldness, you should see significant results quickly. In advanced stages of hair loss, it can take up to six months to see regrowth.

When should I expect to see results from Spectral.DNC?

The response to treatment is different for each individual. Expect to arrest hair loss in two or three weeks and to see the first new hairs in approximately two months. At first you see light peach fuzz, which is replaced eventually by strands of normal thickness. Such hairs may be seen at four months of treatment, although the full effect is usually achieved between eight and 12 months. Spectral.DNC must be continued as directed to maintain new hair.

Who is the ideal candidate for Spectral.DNC?

The ideal candidate for Spectral.DNC is someone in the beginning stages of hair loss. It is easier to prevent hair loss than to regrow lost hair. If there has been a large bald spot for more than 15 years, Spectral.DNC may not work well.

Will I lose the hair I grew if I quit Spectral.DNC?

Yes, hair regrowth requires continual treatment. If you stop using Spectral.DNC, the new hair you grew during treatment will shed in two to three months.

What can I take for insomnia?

Avoid stimulants such as coffee, tea, and cola drinks late in the day and replace with herbal teas such as chamomile. Reduce alcohol and avoid eating a large meal late at night. As insomnia can be due to a variety of causes, if it persists consult your health professional.

Are the Krill Oil capsules odourless?

Yes they are odourless due to the purity and freshness of the Krill which is sourced in the Antarctic Ocean.

Can I take Neptune Krill Oil if I am taking Iscover?

Please seek your health care practitioner's advice about taking Neptune Krill Oil while taking Iscover.

Does krill oil help or harm a fatty liver?

There is no evidence to show that taking 2 or 3 krill oil capsules a day would harm the liver.

Does krill oil relieve PMS symptoms?

This study "Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea". Altern Med Rev. 2003 May;8(2):171-9. was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of Neptune Krill Oil in the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea (painful cramps) and to also compare it to fish oils. The treatment period was three months with either Neptune krill oil or omega-3 fish oil. Results showed an improvement within the Neptune krill oil group as well as between-group comparison to fish oil, after three cycles or 45 and 90 days of treatment. Data analysis showed a significant reduction of the number of pain killers used for dysmenorrhea within the Neptune krill oil group. The between-groups analysis illustrated that women taking Neptune krill oil consumed significantly fewer analgesics during the 10-day treatment period than women receiving omega-3 fish oil. In conclusion it appears that Neptune Krill Oil can reduce dysmenorrhea and the emotional symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and is shown to be more effective for the complete management of premenstrual symptoms compared to omega-3 fish oil.

Does the Krill Oil cause reflux?

It shouldn't cause reflux and there should be no aftertaste. Try reducing the dose to one capsule at a time directly before a meal and keep the product in the fridge. If you continue to experience reflux you may have poor fat digestion and could try taking an enzyme supplement

Does the krill oil supplement have a fishy smell?

The krill oil softgel does have a fishy smell. It does not have a fish oil-like after taste and it doesn't cause burping.

Eating fatty fish is generally recommended. Does taking krill oil replace eating fish?

Krill oil contains the same valuable omega-3 phospholipid fatty acids that are present in fatty fish such as mackerel, salmon and herring.

Have the health-promoting properties of krill oil been scientifically documented?

There is solid documentation that marine oils containing the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, which are found in Krill Oil (euphausia superba oil), are beneficial to maintaining and/or restoring the health of the human heart and cardiovascular system, brain and central nervous system, skin, and joints.

How can Krill Oil be more potent than the fish oil I am taking when the Krill Oil has less EPA, less DHA and less antioxidants?

Krill Oil is a phospholipid whereas fish oil is made up of either triglycerides, if you are buying the best quality, or ethyl esters. The reason Neptune Krill Oil is so effective for certain conditions in comparison to fish oils is due to the body's ability to readily absorb it. Our cells contain phospholipids amongst other things so Neptune Krill Oil can move easily through and do its job whereas fish oils must bind to free phospholipids to be transported into the cells. The antioxidant part of Neptune Krill Oil is another bonus as it is found naturally in the oil unlike fish oils that have them added as part of the processing procedure. The majority of antioxidant oil added to fish oils is a protective measure for the oil itself to decrease the rate of rancidity so having it as part of the oil structure as in Neptune Krill Oil means there is no need to add extra. The end result of this is that the therapeutic effects of Neptune Krill Oil certainly are higher using a lower dose of oil.

How do krill oil, fish oil and fish liver oil differ?

Krill oil differs from other commercially produced marine oils in two important ways. Firstly, fish oil and fish liver oil contain almost no omega-3 phospholipids. In fact, the production process for making fish oil removes the omega-3 phospholipid content of fatty fish. Secondly, krill oil is a rich, natural source of the (powerful) antioxidant, astaxanthin.

How long do I have to take Krill Oil before I will feel anti-inflammatory effects?

It can take between 7 and 14 days for you to feel the anti-inflammatory effects of Krill Oil.

How much vitamin A is there in Neptune Krill Oil?

There is 153iu per gram or 46iu per 300mg capsule.

I am allergic to salmon. Can I take Neptune Krill Oil products?

Yes there is no salmon in Neptune Krill Oil products.

I am having extra bowel movements but it is not diarrhoea. Is this a side effect of taking Neptune Krill Oil?

There are no side effects from Neptune Krill Oil unless you are allergic to shellfish. Any oil will cause lubrication of the bowel and unless it is uncomfortable it isn't a problem.

I am not able to swallow capsules. Would I be able to crush or bite the krill oil capsules to extract oil? Would that interfere with the effectiveness?

It should make no difference on the effectiveness of the krill oil as long as you find a way to ingest it and it ends up in your stomach.

I bought a bottle of Krill Oil from you and it looks as if it has been tampered with. What should I do?

Please call us immediately. We will send you a replacement bottle.

I have diabetes for which I take insulin. Can I take Neptune Krill Oil?

There are no recorded problems. However, you need to discuss this with your health care practitioner.

I was excited when I read about krill oil and given that I have hypercholesterolemia I decided to go off statins and try krill oil. I took 2000 mg a day for 60 days and saw no beneficial effect on cholesterol or any lipid fraction. Is it a hoax?

Sometimes we tend to look at absolute numbers on lab studies rather than other important matters. For instance, krill oil is full of EPA and DHA. These fatty acids get incorporated in many tissues in the body, including eye, brain, skin, various organs, heart, etc., and may also lead to improved micro-circulation and decreased blood viscosity. By just looking at total cholesterol and fractions, without taking into account the fatty acid composition of these fractions, and without taking into account the beneficial aspects of these fatty acids from krill oil on other parts of the body, does not give us the full picture of the benefits.

It is a mistake to look at cholesterol levels as if they are the most important thing in cardiovascular health. There is no study that says taking statins makes one live longer. Statins cause serious side effects in many people including muscle tissue damage. Who knows, taking a statin could lower cholesterol but then reduce life span or quality of life?? Whereas taking krill oil may not reduce cholesterol, but because of all the other potential benefits that fish oils provide, may increase life span.

This is all theoretical of course. The main point is that looking at cholesterol numbers as if that is the most important thing is not being holistic or scientifically comprehensive.

I would like to begin taking krill oil, but I see that those with blood coagulation issues shouldn't. What specifically regarding a coagulation issue does this mean?

Marine oils, such as krill oil, have blood thinning properties. You would need to discuss with your doctor the benefits versus risks. Your doctor can read this krill oil web page if not familiar with krill oil. Small amounts of krill oil or fish oil, such as one 300 mg or 500 mg softgel a day, should not have too much influence on blood clotting.

Is Neptune Krill Oil free from mercury?

Neptune Krill Oil is rigorously tested for heavy metals and pesticides in every batch in Canada and here in Australia. There are no detectable levels of any heavy metal or pesticide contaminants found in either raw material or finished goods testing.

Is there any alcohol in Krill Oil capsules?

Krill Oil capsules contain no alcohol.

Is there any gluten in Neptune Krill Oil?

Neptune Krill Oil capsules have no added gluten or wheat.

What are omega-3 phospholipids?

A unique feature of Krill oil is that a significant proportion of its omega-3 content is in the form of phospholipids. Omega-3 dietary supplements which are derived from fish, seal, or fish liver oils provide omega-3 fatty acids in the triglyceride form.

Phospholipids play vital roles in cell membranes and cellular processes. Consequently, omega-3 phospholipids are important to the structure and function of the human brain. Fatty acids stored in the form of triglycerides are mainly found in adipose tissue where they are a source of energy to the human body. Omega-3 phospholipids are reported to offer greater bio-availability and bio-effectiveness than omega-3 triglycerides. The possible explanations might be: a) greater solubility in aqueous environments in the intestine due to spontaneous micelle formation, b) other pathways by which omega-3 phospholipids are digested and absorbed via the gastrointestinal tract, c) different distribution to body tissues and d) different uptake and utilization by tissues.

What are the Neptune Krill Oil capsules made from?

They're made from bovine gel.

What is Krill Oil for?

Studies have found Krill Oil to be effective for managing the symptoms of cholesterol, inflammation and PMS.

What is Krill Oil?

Krill Oil contains Euphausia superba oil, a solvent-extracted oil derived solely from Euphausia superba (Antarctic Krill), harvested from the Atlantic section of the Austral-Antarctic Circumpolar Ocean. The oil is obtained through crushing the krill biomass (with or without heating up to 90°C) and isolating the lipid fraction using a BP-compliant solvent.

What is the most effective carrier of omega-3 fatty acids?

Omega-3 triglycerides (from intake of fish oil and fish liver oil) and omega-3 phospholipids (provided by krill oil) are digested differently, prior to entering the blood stream from the small intestine. Krill oil undergoes different digestive and distribution routes than fish oil. Research indicates that omega-3 phospholipids are the preferred omega-3 carriers in diet, based on observations that they feature better absorption, tissue uptake, and utilization by cells.

Where does the krill Oil come from?

The krill comes from the south Antarctic Ocean the purest and freshest waters.

Where is the krill oil made?

Neptune Krill Oil is made in Canada.

Why is it significant that krill oil contains the antioxidant, astaxanthin?

Antioxidants protect cells in the body against harmful free radicals; free radicals are implicated in the etiology of numerous human health disorders and diseases, such as cancer, aging and atherosclerosis. Krill oil provides astaxanthin as it is found in nature — in amounts that make it an effective antioxidant source.

Why is krill oil described as naturally clean and stable?

Antarctic krill live in some of the world’s cleanest waters. Thus, the potential for absorption and storage of environmental toxins is minimal. Krill oil is neither a manufactured concentrate nor a product in which the molecular structure of the oil or its constituents have been altered. Krill oil is considered a stable marine oil and its significant astaxanthin content further protects the oil’s beneficial omega-3 fatty acids from becoming rancid due to oxidation. Moreover, omega-3 fatty acids in phospholipids are less vulnerable to oxidation (harshening) than omega-3 fatty acids in triglycerides.

Why is there a warning not to take Neptune Krill Oil if pregnant or likely to become pregnant?

There a warning not to take Krill Oil if pregnant or likely to become pregnant because of the possible blood thinning ability of the oil.

Will taking krill oil help my high cholesterol?

The study "Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the clinical course of hyperlipidemia" (Altern Med Rev. 2004 Dec;9(4):420-8. Bunea R, El Farrah K, Deutsch L. Department of Internal Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) was conducted to assess the effects of krill oil on blood lipids, specifically total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), a multi-center, three-month, randomized study was done followed by a three-month, controlled follow-up of patients treated with 1 gram and 1.5 g krill oil daily. Patients with high blood lipids levels able to maintain a healthy diet and with blood cholesterol levels between 194 and 348 mg per dL were eligible for enrollment in the trial. A sample size of 120 patients (30 patients per group) was randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group A received krill oil at a body mass index (BMI)-dependent daily dosage of 2-3 g daily. Patients in Group B were given 1-1.5 g krill oil daily, and Group C was given fish oil containing 180 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 120 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per gram of oil at a dose of 3 g daily. Group D was given a placebo containing microcrystalline cellulose. The krill oil used in this study was Neptune Krill Oil, provided by Neptune Technologies and Bioresources, Laval, Quebec, Canada. The results showed Krill oil 1-3 g per day to be effective in the reduction of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL, compared to both fish oil and placebo. It appears that krill oil is effective for the management of high lipid levels by reducing total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides, and increasing HDL levels. At lower and equal doses, krill oil was significantly more effective than fish oil for the reduction of glucose, triglycerides, and LDL levels.

Would someone who is severely allergic to shell fish be able to take krill oil?

There is no definitive answer to this. Much depends on the extraction process of the krill oil. There are several companies who make krill oil, and each of them has a different method of extracting the oil. We don't know what kind of allergic residues would remain in the final krill oil supplement.

Does Mannose act like sucrose once digested?

Although Mannose is a simple sugar and is absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract, it is absorbed at a slower rate than most sugars and is not readily converted to glycogen for storage. A substantial amount of Mannose is absorbed into the bloodstream and, after passing through the kidneys and bladder, is excreted into the urine.

Does Mannose work like an antibiotic?

Mannose has no antibiotic properties and will not kill existing infections. If you have persistent burning and/or urgency symptoms, please seek professional medical evaluation to determine if these symptoms are caused a urinary tract infection.

How can a simple sugar like Mannose be good for me?

Studies suggest that Mannose may maintain and support a healthy urinary tract by blocking the adhesion of foreign particles to the surface of the host tissue. In most cases, foreign particles utilize tiny hair-like projections on their surface called fimbrium. Protruding from the tips of these fimbrium are glycoproteins called lectins. It’s these lectins that bind to the surface tissues that line the urinary tract. When sufficient Mannose is consumed, the excess molecules of this sugar present in the urine attach to the lectins, thereby blocking foreign particles from adhering to the tissues of the bladder and forming new colonies. The Mannose-bound foreign particles are subsequently flushed away through the urinary tract.

What is Mannose?

Technically known as D-Mannose, this is a simple six-carbon sugar. Mannose is a stereoisomer that is a mirror image of Glucose and naturally occurs as a monosaccharide (simple sugar) in fruit like blueberries and cranberries, as well as in other plants and fungi. Mannose exists in two forms - alpha and beta. The alpha form is mild and sweet, while the beta form is bitter. The natural manufacturing methods for Mannose results in a mixture of these two forms; yielding a product that is mildly sweet with a slight bitter aftertaste.

Are there any side effects from taking Melatonin?

Melatonin supports the body's natural sleep cycle. Studies have shown that melatonin supported sleep onset when taken in the evening and did not cause morning drowsiness. WARNING SIDE EFFECTS: Reports of adverse side effects indicate that people with epilepsy and those taking Warfarin may come to harm from supplementation with Melatonin. Individuals with diabetes should consult their physician before using this product.

Can my autistic child who has trouble sleeping take Melatonin?

Research suggests a Melatonin supplement taken one hour before bedtime may reduce the time it takes to fall asleep and increase sleep time in children who have various neuro-psychiatric disorders, including mental retardation, autism, psychiatric disorders, visual impairment, or epilepsy and who have difficulty falling and/or staying asleep. Children should not take melatonin dietary supplements without their health professional's approval.

Is Melatonin a natural sleep aid?

Melatonin is a naturally occuring hormone that improves sleep quality.

Is Melatonin good for Heart disease?

There are clinical data showing altered serum melatonin concentrations in people with coronary heart disease. People with high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol have also demonstrated low levels of melatonin. Studies conducted in laboratory animals have shown that melatonin suppresses the formation of cholestorl, reduces LDL accumuldation in serum and modifies fatty acid composition of rat plasma and liver lipids. People with hypertension demonstrate lower melatonin levels than those who are normotensive, although there is very little evidence to show that melatonin directly lowers blood pressure in hypertensive individuals (Grivas, T.B. and O.D. Savvidou).

Is Melatonin safe during pregnancy?

Melatonin is not to be taken by pregnant or lactacting women.

Is Melatonin safe for children?

A long-term study has assessed the effectiveness and safety of children taking Melatonin. No serious safety concerns were noted in any of the 94 cases studied by means of a structured questionnaire for the parents. Most of the children were followed up after 3.7 years and it was found that long-term medication with Melatonin was effective against sleep onset problems in 88% of the cases.

Is taking a Melatonin supplement effective in preventing or reducing jet lag?

The term jet lag represents the frequent traveller's symptoms of: sleep disorders; digestive troubles; headache; lack of appetite and fatigue. Studies have shown that exogenous melatonin may significantly reduce the effect of jetlag. In a Cochrane review published in 2001 the researchers concluded that, Melatonin is remarkably effective in preventing or reducing jetlag, and occasional short-term use appears to be safe. It should be recommended to adult travellers flying across five or more time zones, particularly in an easterly direction, and especially if they have experienced jet-lag on previous journeys. Travellers crossing 2-4 time zones can also use it if need be. Herxheimer A, Petrie KJ. Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of jet lag. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD001520. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001520

Is there any potential drug interactions taking Melatonin?

Individuals taking MAO inhibitors or corticosteroids, should not use Melatonin.

What are the benefits of Melatonin supplementation for people with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)?

The time needed to fall asleep is significantly reduced after melatonin is administered to ADHD patients on methylphenidate. An additional benefit of taking a melatonin supplement to induce sleep is that the same dose of melatonin is as effective after taking it for three months as it is after one week of use.

What is Melatonin used for?

Melatonin supplementation may be prescribed to manage: insomnia; jetlag; poor sleep patterns; altered circadian rhythm; shift work sleep disorders; fatigue related to poor sleep quality; hormonal imbalances; some types of migraines and headaches; and stress induced dyspepsia.

Melatonin has been used therapeutically in sleep disorders for the most part, although it may also play a role in the biologic regulation of mood, affective disorders, cardiovascular system, reproduction and ageing. In fact, melatonin is capable of influencing every cell in the human organism (Reiter, R.J.)

What is Melatonin?

Melatonin, or N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is a naturally occurring hormone found in animals, plants, and microbes. In animals, circulating levels of the hormone melatonin vary in a daily cycle, which allows the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions.

Some of the biological effects of melatonin are produced through activation of melatonin receptors, while others are due to its role as a pervasive and powerful antioxidant, with a particular role in the protection of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.

In mammals, melatonin, known as the "hormone of darkness" because it is inhibited in light and secreted in darkness, is secreted into the blood by the pineal gland in the brain. It may also be produced by a variety of peripheral cells such as bone marrow cells, lymphocytes and epithelial cells.

Melatonin promotes sleepiness. Studies have found that Melatonin may ameliorate circadian misalignment and Seasonal Attitude Disorder. Basic research indicates that melatonin may play a significant role in modulating the effects of drugs of abuse such as cocaine.

In many countries, including Australia, sale of the hormone Melatonin remains illegal or requires a prescription.

What is the difference between sublingual melatonin and melatonin in capsules or lozenges?

Melatonin sublingual is formulated in a sublingual lozenge to ensure rapid absorption. As with any supplement, absorption into the body is extremely important. Under the tongue we have many blood vessels close to the surface of the mucosal lining, this allows for direct absorption of products into the bloodstream. Where nutrients do not need to be bound for transportation in the blood, sublingual (under the tongue) dosing is both fast and efficient - melatonin fits this category. Encapsulation is often chosen by companies as a means of ensuring purity; the nutrient needs no binders, fillers or excipients in order to hold the shape of a tablet/lozenge or in some cases hold chemical stability. Lozenges are often flavoured and more enjoyable to take. They incorporate both of the modes of absorption above however normally include either a sweetener or flavouring.

What melatonin dosage is needed for sleeping?

The correct Melatonin dose of 0.5-3mg 1/2 to 1 hour before bedtime is recommended. In most cases 3mg is enough.

Where is Melatonin made up of?

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland, the organ that regulates the body's wake/sleep/wake cycle. The hormone is activated by darkness and depressed by light. This melatonin supplementation contains 99.5% pure synthetic melatonin. Hypo-allergenic plant fiber is derived from pine cellulose.

Will taking a Melatonin supplement help with my sleep disorder?

The hormone melatonin is used to treat circadian rhythm sleep disorders and some types of insomnia. There is some evidence to suggest that melatonin is effective in treating delayed sleep phase syndrome.

What can I take for my hot flushes and other distressing symptoms of menopause?

Isoflavone glycosides have been found to be of benefit during menopause when oestrogen production by the ovaries decreases.

Dong quai is a traditional tonic for the female reproductive system.

Black cohosh is traditionally used to relieve the symptoms of menopause.

St Johns wort is traditionally used for relief of nervous tension and mild anxiety associated with menopause.

Increase regular exercise and include fresh green leafy vegetables, soy products and fresh ground linseeds in the diet. Decrease caffeine intake and increase water consumption to between 1.5 and 2 litres daily.

Are Myadec fish oils mercury free?

Every batch of Myadec fish oil is rigorously tested for heavy metals and pesticides. There are no detectable levels of any heavy metal or pesticide contaminants found in either raw material or finished goods testing.

Does Myadec A-Z Guard contain either gelatin or pig fat?

Myadec A-Z Guard contains no gelatin or pig fat.

Is there any zinc in Myadec fish oil?

Myadec fish oil products contain no zinc.

What is Nalgesic?

Nutrition Care's Nalgesic® products contain a premium extract of curcumin from curcuma longa (turmeric) featuring fast-acting Cumerone 1200™. The superior clinical efficacy of Nalgesic® is due to a unique extraction process, which ensures a high yield of pure curcumin. This active principle is then chemically complexed as Cumerone 1200™ to significantly improve bioavailability, increasing absorption and ensuring a rapid onset of action.

See the FAQ on Curcumin, Cumerone and Tumeric for more information.

What is the active ingredient in Nalgesic?

Nutrition Care's Nalgesic products contain curcuma longa rhizome as curcumin. See the FAQ on Curcumin, Cumerone and Tumeric for more information.

Do essential fats speed the metabolism in a child? Our 7 year old son is overweight. We have a healthy lifestyle at home, and I want him to develop normally. Is there a supplement he should be getting?

Essential fats do not 'speed' metabolism, but they do support healthy metabolism. Essential fats are fats that are required for humans (hence 'essential' fats) and we must consume them through diet. It’s difficult to get good amounts of these fats in our foods, especially for children; pure fish oil is an excellent source. Consider supplementing with Nordic Naturals Omega-3.6.9 Junior/ProEFA Junior—this will give your son the healthy fats he needs to support efficient metabolism, promote proper growth and development, and keep him healthy through physical activity, too. The capsules are small and lemon-flavored—he can chew or swallow them.

How long does it take Nordic Naturals to get from fish to capsule?

The primary goal for Nordic Naturals is to optimize freshness levels in their fish oils. Nordic Naturals strive to minimize the time from catch to processing, and ideally the fish is processed within hours of being caught. During processing, they consistently monitor freshness levels of the raw material using acidity levels (an accurate measure of freshness). Even though standard acidity allowance is 1.0, Nordic Naturals does not allow more than 0.1, and in many instances their products' acidity level measures 0.01. While complete processing may take days, Nordic Naturals raw material is protected in a nitrogen environment to maintain optimal freshness in the final product.

How much iodine is in Ultimate Omega/ProOmega?

Nearly all of the iodine naturally present in fish is removed during Nordic Naturals purification process. Test results show levels of iodine in Ultimate Omega/ProOmega to be typically 0.5-1.5 mcg/g, and not more than 2.0 mcg/g. For reference, the current Recommended Dietary Allowance* for iodine is 150 mcg/g for adult men and women, 220 mcg/d during pregnancy and 90 mcg/d for children over 1 year of age. *Dietary Reference Intakes, Food & Nutr Board, Inst of Med, 2005

If a person is allergic to lanolin, topically, will they have a reaction to Nordic Naturals Arctic-D Cod Liver Oil?

The raw material (lipid) used to produce Vitamin D3 is separated from the lanolin, which has been separated from the wool fat. There are several purification steps from raw material to the pure vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), and because of this, the supplier believes that a person who is allergic to lanolin topically is not likely to be allergic when ingesting Vitamin D3. Also, we need to keep in mind that healthy digestive processes—gut pH, digestive enzyme action—are intended to digest, package, and transport nutrients, adding a degree of protection as well. It's an individual's choice to consume a product and we always recommended that people with allergies confer with their healthcare practitioner.

I’ve heard that fish oil contains mercury and other environmental toxins. Is it safe to take EFAs derived from fish?

Fish oils may contain environmental toxins that accumulate in a fish during its life span. Potential toxins can be virtually eliminated given the use of high quality raw materials and a technologically advanced refining process utilizing the very latest distillation technologies. Nordic Naturals fish oils are molecularly distilled, utilizing a leading edge enzymatic process where any potential heavy metals and dioxins are removed. Third-party testing documents the complete absence of heavy metals and dioxins (where heavy metals are tested down to 25 particles per billion and dioxins down to 0.5 particles per trillion). Nordic Naturals' policy is to test competing products on an ongoing basis to monitor the overall quality level of the fish oil industry. Nordic Naturals has never found a competing product to match its freshness and purity levels.

Should I worry about Vitamin A levels in Nordic Naturals Cod Liver Oil?

There is some concern that cod liver oil has high levels of vitamin A. This concern stems from the fact that almost all cod liver oil products on the market are supplemented with added vitamin A (natural or synthetic). This is because many cod liver oil products are not made from cod livers! Many brands use fish body oil from species such as pollock or haddock as a less expensive source of oil, and then add vitamin A and D to mimic cod liver oil. This practice is allowed because the international production of cod liver oil is regulated by only one rule—the final product must match the specific EPA ratio (EPA to DHA) found in cod liver oil. These practices are not applicable, however, to the Nordic Naturals brand, and never have been. Nordic Naturals have always used 100% Arctic Cod Livers in their Cod Liver Oil formulas, which have consequently always had low, healthy levels of naturally-occurring, fat-soluble vitamin A. Nordic Naturals have never used fish body oils or any synthetic additives of any kind in their Cod Liver Oil. Nordic Naturals Cod Liver Oil typically averages 650-1500 IU of vitamin A per serving, which falls in the low range compared to other manufacturers’ products that can contain more than 4500 IU. The recommended daily allowance of vitamin A for adults (as established by the US Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science) is 3,000 IU for men and 2,300 IU for women.

What are the 'other omega-3s' listed on the Nordic Naturals supplement labels?

The 'other omega-3s' listed on Nordic Naturals labels refer to omega-3 fatty acids (different from EPA and DHA) that naturally exist in fish oil in low levels. The 'other omega-3s' include fatty acids such as DPA (docospentaenoic acid) and ETA (eicosatetranoic acid). These fats are involved in essential fatty acid metabolic pathways in the body. EPA and DHA are the best studied omega-3 fats, and are considered the most functional omega-3s. You find this information is on the label because Nordic Naturals tests each batch, knows exactly what is in the oil, and chooses to disclose complete information to our customers.

What does anisidine value and TOTOX mean?

Anisidine value (AV) is a measurement of past oxidation. Precisely, it is the measure of aldehyde production during oxidation of fats. AV essentially reflects how an oil has been handled and stored versus peroxide value (PV), which measures current oxidation. For both AV and PV, a lower number is better. TOTOX (total oxidation value) is used to describe total oxidation to which an oil has been exposed. PV x 2 + AV = TOTOX Recent tests of Nordic Naturals fish oils report TOTOX values of 7.0. Our oils typically range between 5 and 14. Upper limits, per the current Voluntary Standards for Omega-3s in the United States: Peroxide value: Maximum is 5 meq/kg Anisidine value: Maximum is 20 TOTOX: Maximum of 26

What if a person is allergic to fish? Can they ingest fish oil?

Generally, yes. Allergens (what people react to) in food are usually the protein component of a food (e.g. gluten in wheat, casein in milk). Because Nordic Naturals pure fish oils are thoughtfully and carefully manufactured (gentle processing, low temperature, clay filtered, and microdistilled) they are essentially void of protein components. As a result, people who react to eating fish can generally consume fresh fish oil capsules. It is always a good idea to consult with your healthcare practitioner before beginning a supplement regime.

What is pharmaceutical grade?

Pharmaceutical grade/standard relates to the purity of an oil. Nordic Naturals fish oils are tested, before and after production, for heavy metals, PCBs, and dioxins. The results are documented showing the absence of these environmental toxins. Only a true pharmaceutical grade/standard product will pass these standards. Nordic Naturals products test well below pharmaceutical grade/standard because they are solely based on the Norwegian Medicinal Standard, which is the only true pharmaceutical grade/standard to be revered.

What is the best fish oil supplement to take for low mood?

Research has shown that DHA from fish oils is the primary omega-3 fatty acid for brain health. Fish oil is a natural source of both EPA and DHA. Cod liver oil provides proportionately more DHA than EPA. To help improve low mood, try Nordic Naturals DHA/ProDHA or Arctic Cod Liver Oil. Because fish oil is a natural product and the body needs time to incorporate the nutrition, many people find it takes 2–3 weeks before they feel real benefit, and then the benefits continue, as long as they supplement consistently.

What is the difference between CO2 processing and molecular distillation?

Molecular distillation removes impurities (heavy metals, dioxides, etc), saturated fats, and other undesirable organic compounds, leaving behind only the key beneficial components of the fish oil. It is a gentle distillation process with exceptionally low heat residence time, and is performed in a vacuum to further reduce the heat requirement. (Flash distillation accomplishes the same thing, but utilizes steam, rather than a vacuum.) CO2 extraction or fractionation starts with oil that has previously undergone either molecular distillation or flash distillation to remove impurities. It uses a combination of pressure and heat to concentrate the amount of EPA and/or DHA in the oil, extracting the ethyl esters from the fish oil in order to increase their concentration. Nordic Naturals does not use CO2 extraction because it has not been shown to provide a superior quality product. Third-party test results consistently show that our existing patented processing techniques provide superior quality and freshness.

What type of fish does Nordic Naturals use in their products?

Nordic Naturals fish oils come from sardines and anchovies, except for their Children's DHA/DHA Junior and Arctic Cod Liver Oil products (in flavored liquids or capsules), which come exclusively from virgin Arctic cod liver in the fresh, northern Norwegian waters.

Why are the calories the same, even though the omega-3 levels are different?

Omega-3s (EPA + DHA) are types of fats (essential fatty acids) that naturally occur in fish oil. Fish oil happens to be a great source of EPA and DHA. Fat (all fat) contains 9 calories per gram. Nordic Naturals offers fish oil supplements with different concentrations of EPA and DHA. However, a 1 gram capsule is going to have 9 fat calories, regardless of the amount of EPA and DHA in the capsule. And the 9 calories is from excellent quality fat, the type of fat our body needs to be healthy.

Why are the lemon flavored capsules cloudy and the strawberry flavored or unflavored capsules clear?

In many Nordic Naturals formulas, we use natural fruit flavourings to enhance the palatability of our oils. This process involves adding these flavorings to both the oil and to the soft gel itself. These flavorings are derived from natural fruit essences, and differ slightly depending on the fruit used. The natural lemon flavor, for example, takes on a cloudy appearance when combined with fish oil, whereas the strawberry flavour does not.

Why is there a brown spot in my soft gel?

In all Nordic Naturals formulas, we use natural antioxidants (vitamin E and rosemary, for example) to help preserve the freshness of the oil. In many formulas, we also use natural fruit flavors to augment the palatability of our oils. Because these natural components are present in the soft gels, occasionally they can collect and concentrate at a specific point in the soft gel—which creates a discolored spot. This spot may dissipate when shaken, or may stay in a fixed place in the event that the spot adheres to the wall of the soft gel.

Why the excitement about Nordic Naturals new cod liver oil?

We have begun working with independent fisherman in smaller boats and manufacturing the fresh oils right next to the harbor. We continue to manufacture in an oxygen-free environment. Because of this, our cod liver oil has anisidine values (AV) between 1 and 2—that’s five to ten time below the industry average. AV is one measure of oxidation, so the lower the number, the better.

Are there any side effects from taking fish oil products?

Generally there are no side effects from taking fish oil products. Consumers typically report having more energy and greater mental clarity while taking EFAs. If you experience repeat burping or a bad taste, your supplement may be rancid (oxidized) or your body may not be manufacturing enough lipase, the digestive enzyme our bodies make to digest fats and oils. If you haven't ingested fish oils for a long time, it might take a week or so for your body to adjust and make more of this enzyme.

Can EFAs be taken with other supplements?

Yes, EFAs can be taken with a wide variety of supplements. EFAs are extremely well tolerated, natural, health-promoting, and safe to use every day.

Can we get enough EFAs from the food we eat?

Fish is one of the most abundant sources of EFAs, but most people in developed countries simply don’t eat enough fish on a regular basis. Even those who eat fish several times a week aren’t getting enough EFAs because much of the fish consumed today are farm raised (fed a diet of grains instead of fish meal) and lack significant amounts of EPA and DHA. In addition, there are several factors that can lead to a reduced absorption of EFAs: age, poor diet, alcohol consumption, low levels of certain vitamins and minerals, some prescription drugs, compromised immune status, and a diet high in trans-fatty acids (fast food, baked goods).

Do pregnant women need EFAs?

It is especially important for a pregnant or a breastfeeding woman to consume DHA (one of the omega-3s in fish oil) because the developing baby is dependent on her. DHA is an essential fat—we must get it from diet or supplements, because our bodies don’t make it—and consuming enough DHA is critical for normal and healthy development of infant brain, eyes, and nervous system. Inadequate consumption of DHA during pregnancy has been linked to shortened gestational periods and premature delivery. Experts recommend that women consume 300–600 mg of DHA daily while pregnant and breastfeeding. As with any supplement, it is best to consult your healthcare professional

Enteric coating of fish oil capsules has become popular. Is it important or necessary?

Some manufacturers have moved to putting fish oil in enteric coated capsules in response to consumer complaints of 'repeat' or burping. Enteric coating increases the cost of the product, but more importantly, it attempts to mask inferior fish oil products. Fresh and pure fish oil does not need to be masked. If a product is enteric coated, manufacturers hope that consumers will not experience 'repeat.' It is also important to note that consumers with sub-optimal digestion may not digest and absorb fish oil from an enteric coated capsule.

Good fats vs. Bad fats?

The "bad" fats are trans-fatty acids and saturated fats from animal products. Trans-fatty acids should be avoided completely; this includes margarine, shortening, and processed foods. Meat and dairy products contain high levels of saturated fat, and should be eaten in moderation. The "good" fats include polyunsaturated Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs). EFAs are considered "essential" because they are needed throughout the human life cycle, cannot be produced in the human body, and therefore must be provided through the diet. Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids constitute the two families of essential fatty acids. Omega-6 fatty acids include corn, soybean, safflower, and sunflower oil. While it is important that your diet include both of these essential fatty acids, it is becoming clear that balance is the key to good health.

How soon will I see results from taking omega-3 supplements?

It will vary depending on the concentration of the fish oil, your current nutritional state, dosage, and current health. We often will hear that our customers "feel better" and experience "clearer thinking" and "an enhanced well being" within 2 weeks. For better results, we recommend you take EFAs daily for at least two months to evaluate their benefits and reduce your intake of hydrogenated and trans-fats.

If a person is sensitive to soy, can they take fish oils that contain vitamin E?

Vitamin E is an important addition for fish oil because it helps preserve fish oil freshness (along with other important manufacturing factors). Fish oils, like all liquid oils, are subject to becoming oxidized, and vitamin E is a very effective and natural antioxidant (for fish oil and for people!). Most of the time, people with sensitivities to soy can consume vitamin E without worry, even if it's originally derived from soy. Vitamin E is an oil (a fat-soluble vitamin) and, for supplements, is purified to be 100% pure vitamin E—no protein components [note: the allergen in a food is usually the protein (e.g. gluten in wheat, casein in milk)]. It is always a good idea to consult with your healthcare practitioner before beginning a supplement regime.

What are early signs of EFA deficiency?

• Fatigue • Poor memory • Immune weakness • Dry skin, eczema, or hair loss • Heart problems • Reproductive problems (men and women) • Mood swings or depression • Poor circulation

What are EPA and DHA?

The health-promoting properties of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been well documented. Research shows that EPA and DHA have a range of beneficial biological effects, such as: decreased cardiovascular disease, decreased blood lipids (triglycerides), less depression, prevention of Alzheimer, decreased chronic inflammation and provides benefits for arthritis sufferers.

What are Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs), and why are they important?

Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids constitute the two families of EFAs. EFAs are considered "essential" because they are needed throughout the human life cycle and cannot be manufactured in the human body. Therefore they must be obtained through our diet on a daily basis for optimal health and wellness. The body must receive a constant and balanced supply of EFAs to ensure proper prostaglandin production. Prostaglandins are beneficial hormone-like compounds that affect virtually every system in the body. They regulate pain and swelling, help maintain proper blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and promote fluidity in nerve transmission.

What is the recommended intake of Omega-3 fatty acids?

ISSFAL Recommended Dosage Chart Infants (1–18 months) 0–15 lbs 32 mg/lb EPA+DHA Children (1.5–15 yrs) 15 mg/lb EPA+DHA Adults (15–115 yrs) 500 mg EPA+DHA 220 mg EPA (minimum) 220 mg DHA (minimum) Lactating Women 300 mg DHA daily

What should I look for when purchasing fish oil?

1. Investigate the manufacturing process. How is the fish oil manufactured, and what are the manufacturing standards? 2. Smell. Does the fish oil smell fishy? If it smells fishy, the fish oil has most likely been exposed to oxygen and is becoming rancid. 3. Taste. Does the fish oil taste fishy? The freshest fish oils should not taste fishy. Avoid fish oils that have really strong fruit flavor added to them because they are most likely trying to hide the fishy flavor of rancid oil.

What’s the difference between fish oil and flax seed oil?

Omega-3 fatty acids fall into two major categories: plant derived (flax seed oil, yielding alpha linolenic acid, or ALA) or marine derived (fish oil, yielding both EPA and DHA). The human conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA is somewhat slow and can be inhibited by various conditions such as a diet high in linoleic acid (Omega-6), trans-fatty acids such as fast foods and baked goods, alcohol intake, certain health conditions, and vitamin and mineral deficiencies (B3, B6, C, zinc, magnesium). Fish, on the other hand, is a direct source of EPA and DHA.

Where can I get a direct source of EFAs ?

Omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, are found in cold water fish such as sardines, mackerel, anchovies, and cod liver. GLA, an Omega-6 fatty acid, is abundant in borage and evening primrose oils.

Will EFAs interfere with my medical condition or medications I’m taking?

Check with your healthcare professional since EFAs can reduce blood viscosity and are not recommended if you are using blood thinners, taking high doses of aspirin, or anticipating surgery.

I am pregnant and I have a cold/flu. Can I take Echinacea?

We do not recommend the use of Echinacea during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Echinacea may be considered during the second or third trimesters of pregnancy.

We recommend avoidance of Echinacea in pregnancy for people with a known risk of allergy to plants in the daisy family and also during breast-feeding where there is a known allergy in the infant, parent or siblings to plants in the daisy family.

Maintain adequate rest, increase fluid intake and ensure a diet rich in fruits and vegetables to assist in providing immune system support.

I have heard that raspberry leaf is good during pregnancy, when can I take it and what does it actually do?

A raspberry leaf supplement is recommended in the last trimester of pregnancy. For centuries, raspberry leaf has traditionally been used to prepare the uterus for birth ("partus praeparator"). Raspberry leaf has been used traditionally to help the uterus return to normal after birth (involution), helping the mother's overall recovery.

What herbal medications are safe to take during pregnancy?

With the exception of ginger for the relief of morning sickness, echinacea in the 2nd and 3rd trimester for the relief of colds/flu, or raspberry leaf in the last trimester, avoid herbal preparations during pregnancy unless prescribed by your healthcare professional.

Raspberry leaf has traditionally been used to prepare the uterus for birth ("partus praeparator") and to assist the uterus to return to normal after birth (involution). A raspberry leaf supplement is recommended in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Ginger helps to reduce spasm and relax the digestive system, which in turn enhances digestive function. Ginger may help to relieve the symptoms of morning sickness and travel sickness.

Echinacea has traditionally been used for the relief of symptoms of mild upper respiratory tract infections such as colds and flu.

What vitamin and mineral supplements are safe to take during pregnancy?

During pregnancy the body's requirement for certain nutrients is increased. Combined with a healthy diet, taking a supplement specifically formulated for pregnancy may be advisable to support the recommended daily intake of nutrients (RDIs).

Iodine and folic acid are important preconception nutrients. Iodine is essential for normal thyroid function and is important for a baby’s brain development, visual skills, motor skills and hearing.

Folic acid, if taken prior to conception, may reduce the risk of women having children with birth defects of the brain and/or spinal cord such as spina bifida. Folic acid is also one of the nutrients necessary for the production of normal red blood cells.

Does Pure Encapsulations manufacture any gluten-containing products?

No. Pure Encapsulations does not manufacture any products that contain wheat, barley or rye. Some products contain beta glucan which is gluten-free. Furthermore, their products contain no hidden coatings, excipients, binders or fillers that could contain gluten.

Are there any contraindications to Viterol.A?

People with sensitive skin may find that their skin is slightly irritated the first time they use the product. If this occurs, allow more time between each application until the skin becomes accustomed to the product.

Can I sunbathe or use artificial tanning during treatment with Viterol.A?

You can sunbathe or use artificial tanning during treatment with Viterol.A. However, because the sun is the primary cause of skin aging and the treatment’s purpose is to reverse the damage caused by the sun, caution should be taken in order to prevent further damage to your skin. Use a sunscreen with a higher SPF (Sun Protection Factor) to avoid this.

Can pregnant women use Viterol.A Anti-Aging Treatment?

We do not recommend treatment with Viterol.A during pregnancy. During this phase, the body is undergoing many hormonal changes and the skin becomes much more sensitive and vulnerable than usual. It is especially important to use sunscreen of at least SPF 15 during this time, leaving this particular anti-aging treatment until after the pregnancy.

Can Viterol.A Anti-Aging Treatment cause allergies or irritation?

Viterol.A products are hypoallergenic, meaning that they do not cause allergies in most people. For people who are hypersensitive to any of the ingredients, discontinue use and consult your physician.

How soon after I start using Viterol.A Face or Eyes Anti-Aging Treatment before noticeable results?

During the first week of treatment you should see smoother, firmer and more uniform skin. Viterol.A Anti-Aging Treatment progressively minimizes wrinkles, small imperfections, and the dark marks caused by the sun after the second week of continuous use.

The second time I bought Viterol.A I noticed that it was a different color. Is this normal?

The plant extracts contained in the Vitriol.A cream can change color depending on the harvest or the way the plants are picked. Color changes may be more noticeable in Vitriol.A products because they contain a high concentration of these extracts and no artificial colourants.

What is the ideal age to start using Viterol.A?

Viterol.A Anti-Aging Treatment is recommended for use for people over the age of 30, as it is around this age that the signs of aging begin to become more apparent in most people.

What is the ideal duration of treatment with Viterol.A?

Treatment length with Viterol.A very much depends on the individual. DS Laboratories recommends continuous treatment for at least 30 days, although there is no restriction to continuing the treatment for a longer time period.

Why is it important to use sunscreen during the day when using Viterol.A?

During treatment with Viterol.A the skin is being renewed and as such requires greater protection from the harmful effects caused by the sun, the primary cause of premature aging.